3D Architecture Interior Design
Ergonomics Design
Jinghong Chen (Rebecca)
Barrier Free Design
Meaning of barrier-free design
With society and civilization progressing, the whole world is paying close attention to the disabled problems. Beginning of the 21st century, due to the call of the humanitarian, architecture industry created a new method of architectural design for barrier-free design. New construction and reconstruction methods use modern technology to improve the general physiological defects for people with a disability providing a convenient and safe place to enjoy their lives fully. This will create a better barrier free environment is to get out of the house and improve the basic conditions for participation in society of persons with disabilities, older persons, women, children and other members of the social life in general.
This will ensure are more loving and caring society for human safety, convenience, comfort, "equal participation" of the environment.
Barrier-free design of the desired objectives is "barrier-free".
Based on a detailed study of human behavior, awareness and action reaction, committed to the optimization of all known and environment design, removing users who use interface confusing and difficult "obstacles" (barrier), as a convenience to users to provide the greatest possible, this is the basic idea of barrier-free design. Barrier-free design attention, attention to the special needs of persons with disabilities, the elderly.
Where used
Barrier-free design in first public environment in urban construction, transport, equipment and facilities, as well as directions are reflected in the system, such as walking on the road laying on the sidewalk, touch indicates that the maps for the blind, wheelchair toilet, public telephone, both audio and Visual double of the dedicated banking self-service deposit and withdrawal of the Action Wizard, thereby extended to work, live, play various instruments. More than 20 years, this design claim proceeding from the viewpoint of care for the vulnerable masses of mankind, the ideal goal driving the design to a higher level of development and progress, human created product more reasonable, kind, and humane.
What is the difference in accessibility and barrier-free environment?
Main building of barrier-free facilities (including public buildings, residential buildings) and roads (including road, Bridge Road, sidewalk, pedestrian bridge, pedestrian tunnels, bus station, public green space) of the corresponding facilities. And the concept of barrier-free environment is even more wide range. In addition to buildings, road accessibility, including barrier-free transport, information and communication accessible (TV sign language and subtitles, audio books for the blind, sound signals, mobile phone messages, information, and so on), as well as the people's ideological understanding and awareness of accessibility. Judging from the construction sector, barrier-free facility, from the society as a whole, a barrier-free environment.
For example
For example, looks very ordinary container, which has a clever "common" design: a matching set of shampoo and hair conditioner, two identical containers, in which only a raised and tactile perception has added a row of alignment marks, you can make a contact that is known, is a shampoo or hair conditioner. This small design, not only to eliminate the obstacles to the use of the blind, and for most users, but also was grateful to the kind of design---shampoo and when not to open your eyes can identify. Similar design stereo headphones, Pearl points raised and sunken about distinction, are both a delicate decoration on the appearance, is to achieve "common" design "tactual perception". Thus, in product interface design for perception of choice, is to determine whether the product can achieve "shared" key. Because humans have the perception of many "channels", such as sight, hearing, touches, and so on, and the lack of disabled persons is only one of a "channel". So, with "multi-channel" perception of product have the advantages of accessibility.
Principle 1. Equality of use (Equitable Use) The design is useful and marketable to people with diverse abilities. Definition: does not distinguish between specific ethnic groups and objects, providing a consistent and equitable use. 1a. use to all users with exactly the same method, if it is unable to reach, also provides similar or equal as possible using the method. 1B. avoid feelings of isolation and frustration users.1c. Equally available to all users, protection of privacy and security. 1d. is to attract users and attractive design. Principle 2. Accommodation of uses (Flexibility in Use) the design accommodates a wide range of individual preferences and abilities. Definition: uses a variety of preferences and different abilities. 2A. provide a wide range of choices. 2B. the opportunities available to provide aide. 2c. help user’s correct operation. 2D. provide the operating space of reasonable accommodation. Principle 3. easy operation design (Simple and Intuitive Use) Use of the design is easy to underground, regardless of user ' s experience, language skills, or current concentration level. Definition: regardless of the consumer's experience, knowledge, language skills, concentration, and other factors, are easy to operate. 3A. removal of unnecessary complexity. 3B. consumer expectations and intuition must be consistent. 3C. not due to different consumer perception and language ability and form problems. 3D. the arrangement according to the importance of information. 3E. can effectively provide description back in use or after use. Principle 4.Quickly understand the necessary information (Perceptible Information) The design communicates necessary information effectively to the user, regardless of ambient conditions or the user ' s sensory abilities. Definition: users regardless of usage, such as vision, hearing, sensation, communication of the necessary information quickly and efficiently. 4A. with Visual, auditory, tactile, and other diverse techniques to convey the necessary information. 4B. where possible within the scope of improving the readability of the necessary information. 4C. for information content, method and arrangement of distinction between description (providing easy directions and instructions for use). 4d. through the assistive device help, such as vision, hearing impaired users to obtain the necessary information. Principle 5. fault-tolerant design considerations (Tolerance for Error) The design minimizes hazards and the adverse consequence of accidental or unintended actions. Definition: no error or unintentional actions of danger. 5a. risk and minimize errors, heavily used section is easy to operate, with design of conservation and away from danger. 5b. operation risk when an error or warning of the error description. 5C. safety operator error (Fail Safe).5d. Note that the necessary actions, induced by avoiding unintentional operation. Principle 6. easy operation efficiency (Low Physical Effort) The design can be used efficiently and comfortably and with a minimum of fatigue. Definition: fatigue operation of an efficient, easy and difficult to use. 6a. users can use the natural posture of actions. 6B. use reasonable force operations. 6C. reduce repetitive actions. 6D. reduce the burden on the body when used for a long time. Principle 7. planning of reasonable size and space (Size and Space for Approach and Use) of Appropriate size and space is provided for approach, reach, manipulation, and use regardless of user ' s body size, posture, or mobility. Definition: provide independent fitness, posture, mobility, you can easily close, operation of space. 7A. provide users whether standing or sitting position, Visual messages are visible. 7B. provide users whether standing or sitting position, comfortable operation.7c. Individual differences in hand and fist size.
Design details:
(Floor) the use of matte steel, beautiful and anti-slip; installed rubber handrail for collision, with shock and impact;
(Corridor/exit) maintain spacious corridors and aisles, arm parallel to the ground, place along the wall, height of about 80-85 cm; when the living room decoration, should reduce Interior ground floor level difference, widening channels to facilitate walking, also create conditions for wheelchair access;
-Toilet-toilet installed power arm, depending on the size space decided to side Chair is also installed handrails on both sides;
Around bath edge set handrails, easy bath support; set above the tub attached to the wall on one side of the handrail, who rose to power when used.
Doors-(auto-sensing) sliding doors
Lighting indoor lighting should be weak is strong, preferably low lighting at night, easy to get up in the night to urinate for persons with disabilities.
Noise control for noise prevention
For the home, to achieve the "barrier-free" furniture is also important aspect should be practical, and should be less appropriate and more;
Anti-barrier protective guard
3, increasing the number of sockets, locations should be selected in the disabled do not need to tilt the body to reach them;
4, kitchen, Cabinet junction to curves, can reduce the hard corners harm the person of the Cabinet's chances.
